The National Emergency Response System provides for the harmonization of joint federal, provincial and territorial response to emergencies. It supports and facilitates procurement and logistics coordination between all levels of government, the private sector, non-governmental organizations and international stakeholders. Although in most instances it applies to federal support at the request of a province or territory, it can also be used in instances where provinces or territories support federal response to an emergency under federal jurisdiction.
Each province and territory has emergency management legislation. Generally, these acts and regulations set out the common roles of the provincial and territorial ministers, and municipalities that are responsible for dealing with emergency management in each jurisdiction, and specify the extraordinary powers and declarations of emergencies that may be implemented.
The provincial and territorial legislation also identifies the extraordinary powers that provincial and territorial authorities may use and the circumstances and safeguards under which those powers may be exercised. The Emergency Management Act is the legislative foundation for an integrated approach to federal emergency management activities.
The National Emergency Response System applies to response to domestic emergencies. Every federal, provincial and territorial government has a responsibility for emergency management and public safety in Canada. The federal governance structure parallels or mirrors the structures of most provincial and territorial counterparts.
Depending on the scale and nature of the emergency, all or some elements may be activated in each jurisdiction. Each province and territory has developed their own governance structure for coordinating the response to emergencies within their jurisdiction.
While each province or territory has customized their governance to suit their unique and specific requirements geographical, cultural, etc. The senior official responsible for ensuring an integrated federal emergency response is the Federal Coordinating Officer.
This role is assumed by the Deputy Minister, Public Safety Canada, however the responsibility may be delegated depending upon the scope and scale of an emergency.
The Senior Officials Responsible for Emergency Management provides a forum for federal, provincial and territorial discussions on emergency response integration whereby recommendations are formulated and proposed to Deputy Ministers.
Working groups are established as required to support the intergovernmental collaboration on issue-specific multi-stakeholder projects. The Senior Officials Responsible for Emergency Management directed the formation of a Response working group to design a National Emergency Response System and is responsible for monitoring the success of the project. The figure illustrated delineates the various federal, provincial and territorial operational-level working groups and the three-tiers of emergency management governance to which they directly report.
Every five years, federal, provincial and territorial governments will collaboratively review the National Emergency Response System to validate that it remains an accurate and relevant document. Provinces and territories have strategic, operational and tactical responsibilities similar to the federal government with respect to the management of emergency response that occur within their jurisdiction. All provinces and territories maintain an emergency operations centre facility capability.
However, the structure of the centres varies considerably from region to region with regards to the following:. Provincial and territorial Emergency Operations Centres are of prime importance to the effectiveness of the National Emergency Response System intergovernmental flow of information. Emergency Management Organizations have been established in every province and territory and are, among others, responsible for coordinating a comprehensive, cross-government, all hazards approach to managing emergencies whenever it applies.
Officials within these organizations maintain constant contact with the Government Operations Centre during an emergency as required to facilitate the timely exchange of information. Federal departments frequently manage emergencies or provide support to a province or territory for events related to their specific mandate, within their own authorities and without requiring coordination from Public Safety Canada.
However, in the event that a province or a territory requests federal emergency assistance, Public Safety Canada coordinates the emergency management response and the National Emergency Response System forms the basis for that coordination. During an emergency, the Regional Office is the primary point of contact for the provincial or territorial Emergency Operations Centre and is responsible for the coordination of requests for federal emergency assistance.
The Government Operations Centre is the federal government's single point of contact in emergencies, supports provincial and local authorities, and coordinates horizontally with other federal government departments, non-governmental organizations, the private sector and allied governments.
Federal departmental Emergency Operations Centers support their respective departmental mandates and contribute to the integrated Government of Canada response to emergencies through the Government Operations Centre. In order to clarify the decision making process, each province and territory, together with their federal regional counterpart, has developed Standard Operations Procedures see Annex B for Standard Operating Procedures Template.
These procedures identify specific activities, tasks, steps and decisions that deliver a collaborative provincial, territorial and federal response to emergencies. The Standard Operating Procedures reflect the unique governance structure of each province and territory by defining the linkages between them and Public Safety Canada. They also identify intergovernmental interactions in areas of emergency response activities and facilitate response-oriented coordination and decision making.
As agreed upon by the Federal, Provincial and Territorial ResponseWorking Group, the following key activities are common to all jurisdictions and identify fundamental linkages and functions that are complimentary to federal, provincial and territorial emergency response mechanisms:. The linkages and interfaces between the federal system and each of the provincial and territorial systems is the critical aspect that enables the National Emergency Response System.
The primary means of linking these systems are through the positioning of the Public Safety Regional Office representatives with provincial or territorial officials, as well as with regional federal departments and coordinating groups.
The linking of public communications activities is managed by the provinces and territories and Public Safety Canada's Communications Directorate, with the support of regional communicators in the regions.
The Regional Office provides appropriate representation in the provincial and territorial Emergency Operations Centre as required. The responsibilities of the Regional Office are to facilitate the exchange of information between the provincial and territorial Emergency Operations Centre, the Federal Coordination Group and the Government Operations Centre, as well as to coordinate provincial and territorial requests for federal emergency assistance.
Each jurisdiction has emergency management legislation which details its own particular responsibilities. Hyeon-Mun Oh, B. Journal Help. Notifications View Subscribe. Font Size. Open Access Subscription or Fee Access. Abstract This study reviews the organization of Korean emergency management and compares it with the structure used in the United States. The article maintains that Korea could improve its emergency response by implementing a national response framework NRF.
The United States began to set up its NRF in to enable it to respond to all kinds of hazards, with roles and responsibilities allocated to each stakeholder. Conversely, an NRF has not been implemented in Korea. The analysis utilized both literature review and interviews.
The related implications are examined in terms of four components: 1 the concept of the NRF, 2 the roles of the major players, 3 emergency support functions, and 4 networking and coordination. Keywords national response framework, basic plan on national safety management, the United States, Korea. Full Text: PDF. References Gopalakrishnan C, Okada N: Designing new institutions for implementing integrated disaster risk management: Key elements and future directions.
Remember me. It enables effective interaction among various federal, state, local, tribal, private-sector, and other nongovernmental entities. The plan was completed in January and revised after Hurricane Katrina.
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